Mu buryo butandukanye bujyanye n'umusaruro w'inganda,amatafari y'icyuma akozwe mu byuma, nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi bifite imiterere yihariye, bigira uruhare rudasimburwa. Bitewe no kudashyuha cyane, kudashyuha n'ibindi biranga, byakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego nyinshi, bitanga icyizere cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere ryiza ry'umusaruro w'inganda.
Uruhare rw'ingenzi mu gukata ibyuma
Mu nganda zikora ibijyanye no gucukura ibyuma, gucukura amatafari y'ibyuma ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi cyane. Intego nyamukuru yazo ni ugukora nk'umuyoboro w'ibyuma bishongeshejwe biva mu gikombe bijya mu ibumba ry'ingot mu gihe cyo gucukura hasi. By'umwihariko, gucukura amatafari y'ibyuma byubakwa mu miyoboro y'isahani y'ibanze y'ibumba ry'ingot, impera imwe ifatanye n'itafari rikwirakwiza ibyuma n'indi impera ifatanye n'ibumba ry'ingot, bigatuma habaho inzira y'ingenzi y'urujya n'uruza rw'ibyuma bishongeshejwe. Kubwibyo, abantu bakunze kwita "amatafari ya tundish".
Mu gihe cyo gusuka icyuma gishongeshejwe, ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe bukabije buba buri hejuru cyane, akenshi bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi ibihumbi, ibyo bikaba bishyiraho ibisabwa byinshi ku bushyuhe bwinshi bw'amatafari yo gushongeshwa. Muri icyo gihe, icyuma gishongeshejwe kizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mubiri w'amatafari mu gihe cyo gutemba, kandi icyuma gishongeshejwe ubwacyo kizagira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ku mubiri w'amatafari. Amatafari y'icyuma ashongeshejwe meza ashobora kwihanganira ibi bigeragezo no kwemeza ko icyuma gishongeshejwe gitemba neza. Umwobo w'imbere ni mwiza, ushobora kugabanya neza ubukana bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe iyo kitemba, ukirinda gutemba mu gihe cy'urujya n'uruza rw'icyuma gishongeshejwe, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka mbi nk'uduheri n'ibintu biri mu ifu, kandi bikanoza ubwiza bw'ifu. Byaba ari ugushongeshwa kw'icyuma kidashonga, icyuma cya alloy cyangwa icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni, amatafari y'icyuma ashongeshejwe ashobora gukoreshwa neza kugira ngo atange inkunga ihamye yo gushongeshwa kw'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibyuma.
Igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gushyiramo amatanura mu nganda
Amatanura yo mu nganda ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu bikorwa byinshi by'inganda, nk'amatanura ashyushye n'amatanura ashyushye mu nganda z'ibyuma n'ibyuma, n'amatanura akoreshwa mu nganda z'imiti. Aya matanura akenshi akenera gukorera ahantu hashyushye cyane, kandi ibidukikije by'imbere birakomeye cyane. Amatanura y'icyuma, afite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya ingese, yabaye amahitamo meza yo gushyiramo amatanura yo mu nganda.
Gukoresha amatafari y'icyuma nk'urukuta rw'amatafari yo mu nganda bishobora kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi mu itanura no kwangirika kw'imyuka n'ibintu bitandukanye byangiza. Bishobora kurinda imiterere y'itanura, birinda kwangirika no kwangirika k'umubiri w'itanura bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi bikongera igihe cyo gukora. Muri icyo gihe, amatafari y'icyuma afite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira ubushyuhe, bishobora kugabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe mu itanura, kunoza ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu mu musaruro. Mu matafari amwe na amwe akeneye kugenzura ubushyuhe neza, imikorere ihamye y'amatafari y'icyuma ishobora no gufasha mu kubungabunga ubushyuhe mu itanura, kwemeza ko inzira yo gukora ihamye, bityo no kunoza ireme ry'umusaruro.
Uburyo bwo kurinda mu miyoboro yihariye
Mu nganda zimwe na zimwe, hari uburyo bwihariye bwo gutwara imiyoboro y’amazi bushyuha cyane n’ubushyuhe bwinshi (nk’umwuka ushyuha cyane, ibyuma bishongeshejwe, nibindi). Iyi miyoboro imara igihe kirekire ikora nabi kandi ishobora gukururwa, kwangirika no kwangirika cyane n’imiyoboro, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku mutekano n’ubuzima bw’imiyoboro.
Amatafari yo gucukura ashobora gukoreshwa mu kurinda ibice by'ingenzi by'iyi miyoboro yihariye. Mu kubaka amatafari y'icyuma mu myanya yihariye imbere cyangwa hanze y'umuyoboro, hashobora gushyirwaho uruzitiro rukomeye rwo kurinda kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka zitaziguye n'isenyuka ry'amazi ku muyoboro. Cyane cyane ahantu hazunguruka n'aho umuyoboro uhurira, hashobora kwangirika no kwangirika, ingaruka zo kurinda amatafari y'icyuma ziragaragara cyane. Bishobora kugabanya neza igipimo cyo kwangirika kw'umuyoboro, kugabanya ibyago byo gucika kw'imiyoboro, kwemeza imikorere myiza kandi ihamye y'imiyoboro, kugabanya ihagarara ry'umusaruro riterwa no kubungabunga imiyoboro, no kunoza imikorere myiza y'umusaruro.
Amatafari yo gucukura ibyuma, afite imiterere yihariye, afite akamaro kanini mu gucukura ibyuma, amatanura yo mu nganda, sisitemu zidasanzwe z'imiyoboro n'ahandi. Bitewe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, ibisabwa kugira ngo amatafari yo gucukura ibyuma akoreshwe bikomeje kwiyongera. Mu gihe kizaza, urwego rw'ikoreshwa ryabyo rwitezweho kwaguka, rutanga inkunga yizewe ku nganda nyinshi. Niba ushaka ibikoresho bikwiye birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi birwanya ingese ku mishinga ijyanye nayo, gucukura amatafari y'ibyuma nta gushidikanya ko ari amahitamo meza akwiye kwitabwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-01-2025
