Amakuru

Inganda zibyuma zihagarara nkumugongo wibikorwa remezo byisi, nyamara ikorera muri kimwe mubidukikije bikaze cyane ku isi. Kuva ku bushyuhe bukabije bw'icyuma gushonga kugeza ku buryo bunoze bwo guta ibyuma, ibikoresho bikomeye nk'ibihindura, itanura rya arc y'amashanyarazi, hamwe n'itanura riturika bihura n'imihangayiko idacogora: bagomba kwihanganira guhora bahura n'ubushyuhe bukunze kurenga 1,600 ° C, bikajyana n'isuri ikaze iturutse ku cyuma gishongeshejwe ndetse n'icyuma cyaka. Ibi bihe bikabije birasaba ibintu bitagereranywa kubikoresho byangiritse - ibice birinda ibikoresho byangiza - kandi muburyo bwose,amatafari ya magnesium-chromiumkugaragara nkigisubizo cyanyuma, cyizewe.

Amatafari ya Magnesium-chromium abereyemo umwanya utagereranywa mu nganda zibyuma kubintu bitatu byingenzi, bidatsindwa bikemura buri kintu gikomeye kibabaza umusaruro mwinshi wibyuma. Ubwa mbere, kurwanya umuriro udasanzwe ni uguhindura umukino kubwumutekano no gukora neza: hamwe nu gipimo cyo kugabanuka hejuru ya 1,700 ° C, aya matafari agumana ubusugire bwimiterere ndetse no mumashanyarazi ashyushye yitanura ryibyuma. Bitandukanye nibikoresho bitavunitse bishobora koroshya cyangwa gushonga munsi yubushyuhe bukabije, amatafari ya magnesium-chromium akuraho ibyago byo kunanirwa ibikoresho bitunguranye, bishobora guhagarika imirongo yumusaruro bigatuma habaho gutinda bihenze. Icya kabiri, uburyo bwabo bwo guhangana n’ibisambo bikemura mu buryo butaziguye imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zo gufata neza inganda. Amatafari agizwe na okiside ya magnesium yuzuye cyane hamwe na okiside ya chromium, amatafari akora inzitizi yuzuye, idashobora kwangirika ikuraho ibishishwa bya alkaline na acide - ibisanzwe biva mubyuma byangiza ibyuma bisanzwe. Iyi myigaragambyo yongerera cyane itanura ryubuzima bwa 30% cyangwa irenga ugereranije nubusanzwe busanzwe, kugabanya amafaranga yo gusimbuza kenshi no kugabanya igihe cyateganijwe. Icya gatatu, uburyo bwiza bwo guhagarika ubushyuhe butanga ubudahwema mugihe cyibikorwa bikomeye. Iyo itanura ritangiye cyangwa rifunze, ubushyuhe burashobora guhindagurika kuri dogere amagana mugihe gito - guhangayika bitera amatafari menshi kumeneka cyangwa gutemba. Amatafari ya magnesium-chromium, ariko, yakira ihindagurika bitagoranye, bigatuma imirongo idahwitse kandi umusaruro ukagenda neza nta nkomyi.

Iyi miterere ihagaze ituma amatafari ya magnesium-chromium ari ntangarugero muri buri cyiciro cyingenzi cyo gukora ibyuma, kuva gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo kugeza kumashanyarazi ya nyuma. Muguhindura hamwe nitanura ryamashanyarazi arc, aho ibyuma bishonga kandi bigatunganywa, amatafari atondekanya urukuta rwimbere, yihanganira gukubitwa biturutse kumenagura ibyuma bishongeshejwe hamwe nicyuma cyangirika. Ubu burinzi butuma itanura rikora neza cyane kuramba, kuzamura ibyuma bya buri munsi. Muri salle - inzabya nini zitwara ibyuma bishongeshejwe biva mu ziko kugeza imashini zitera - amatafari ya magnesium-chromium akora nk'umurongo ukomeye. Zirinda gutakaza ubushyuhe bwahungabanya ubuziranenge bwibyuma kandi bikabuza kumeneka, kwemeza ko icyuma gishongeshejwe kigera kuntambwe ikurikira muburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya epfo nko kuzunguruka cyangwa guhimba. Ndetse no mu ziko riturika, umutima wibyuma, ayo matafari arinda uturere twinshi two hejuru no hepfo kugirango hatabaho igitero cya gaze yubushyuhe bwo hejuru (kugeza kuri 2000 ° C) hamwe nigishishwa cyashongeshejwe, bikomeza ibikorwa byigihe kirekire, bihamye nibyingenzi mugutanga ibyuma bihoraho.

Ku bakora ibyuma biharanira kuzamura umusaruro, kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, no gukomeza guhatanira amarushanwa, guhitamo amatafari ya magnesium-chromium yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntabwo ari amahitamo gusa - birakenewe. Amatafari ya magnesium-chromium yakozwe muburyo bugenzurwa neza, hifashishijwe ibikoresho fatizo bihebuje bipimisha cyane kugirango byuzuze ubuziranenge bwinganda. Twizewe n’inganda ziyobora ibyuma muri Aziya, Uburayi, na Amerika ya Ruguru, ibicuruzwa byacu bifite ibimenyetso byerekana ko bitanga umusaruro uhoraho, ndetse no mubidukikije bikenerwa cyane. Umufatanyabikorwa natwe uyumunsi, kandi reka reka inganda zacu ziyobora inganda zirwanya umuriro zishimangira inzira yawe yo gukora ibyuma, kugabanya igihe, kandi bigufasha kugera kumajyambere arambye, maremare.