Dufashe urugero rw'ibirahuri birebire, ibikoresho bitatu by'ingenzi bishyushya mu gukora ibirahuri birimo itanura rishongesha ikirahuri, ubwogero bw'ibati ry'ibirahuri n'itanura rishongesha ikirahuri. Mu gikorwa cyo gukora ibirahuri, itanura rishongesha ikirahuri rishinzwe gushongesha ibikoresho by'ikirahuri mu mazi no kubitunganya, kubihuza no kubikonjesha kugeza ku bushyuhe bukenewe kugira ngo bikoreshwe. Ubwogero bw'ibati ni cyo gikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo gushushanya ikirahuri. Amazi y'ikirahuri afite ubushyuhe bwa 1050 ~ 1100℃ ava mu muyoboro w'amazi ajya ku buso bw'amazi y'ibati mu bwogero bw'ibati. Amazi y'ikirahuri araseswa kandi agashyirwa hejuru y'ubwogero bw'ibati, kandi agenzurwa n'imashini zikurura, ibyuma bikingira impande n'imashini zishushanya impande kugira ngo bikore umugozi w'ikirahuri ufite ubugari n'ubugari bukenewe. Kandi ava mu bwogero bw'ibati iyo akonje buhoro buhoro kugeza kuri 600℃ mu gihe cyo gutangira. Akamaro k'itanura rishongesha ni ukuvanaho stress isigaye n'ubusumbane bw'ikirahuri gishongesha idirishya, no gushimangira imiterere y'imbere y'ikirahuri. Umugozi w'ikirahuri uhoraho ufite ubushyuhe bwa 600℃ buterwa n'ubwogero bw'ibati winjira mu itanura rishongesha idirishya unyuze mu meza y'impinduka. Ibi bikoresho bitatu by’ingenzi by’ubushyuhe bisaba ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe. Kugira ngo itanura rishongesha ikirahure rikore neza kandi rihamye, ntabwo ritandukanywa n’inkunga y’ibikoresho bitandukanye birwanya ubushyuhe. Ibi bikurikira ni ubwoko 9 bw’ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bukunze gukoreshwa mu itanura rishongesha ikirahure n’imiterere yabyo:
Amatafari ya silica yo gukoresha mu itanura ry'ibirahuri:
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi: dioxyde silikoni (SiO2), ingano yayo igomba kuba hejuru ya 94%. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora: ubushyuhe bwo gukora ni 1600 ~ 1650℃. Ibiranga: Ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika kw'isuri ya aside, ariko budahangarwa neza n'isuri y'ibintu biguruka bya alkaline. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubaka inkuta nini, inkuta z'imbere n'amatanura mato.
Amatafari y'ibumba yo gukoresha mu itanura ry'ibirahuri:
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi: Al2O3 na SiO2, Al2O3 iri hagati ya 30% ~ 45%, SiO2 iri hagati ya 51% ~ 66%. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora: ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukora ni 1350 ~ 1500℃. Ibiranga: Ni ibikoresho birwanya aside nkeya kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana neza n'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe budahindagurika kandi bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe. Bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubaka hasi mu gisenge cy'itanura, urukuta rw'igisenge cy'igice cyo gukora n'inzira, urukuta, umurambararo, amatafari yo hasi n'umuyoboro w'icyumba cyo kubikamo ubushyuhe.
Amatafari menshi ya alumina yo gukoresha mu itanura ry'ibirahuri:
Ibice by'ingenzi: SiO2 na Al2O3, ariko ingano ya Al2O3 igomba kuba irenga 46%. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora: Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora ni 1500 ~ 1650℃. Ibiranga: Irwanya ingese neza, kandi ishobora kurwanya ingese ituruka ku bintu bya aside na alkaline. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu byumba bibikamo ubushyuhe, ndetse n'ibikoresho birwanya ingese zo gukoreramo, imiyoboro y'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo kugaburira.
Amatafari menshi:
Igice cy'ingenzi cy'amatafari ya mullite ni Al2O3, kandi ingano yayo ni hafi 75%. Kubera ko ahanini ari kristu za mullite, yitwa amatafari ya mullite. Ubucucike 2.7-3 2g/cm3, porosity ifunguye 1%-12%, kandi ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora ni 1500 ~ 1700℃. Mullite ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubaka inkuta z'icyumba cyo kubikamo ubushyuhe. Mullite ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubaka inkuta z'ikidendezi, imyobo yo kureba, imikingo y'inkuta, nibindi.
Amatafari ya zirconium corundum yakuwemo:
Amatafari ya zirconium corundum yakuwemo kandi yitwa amatafari y'icyuma cyera. Muri rusange, amatafari ya zirconium corundum yakuwemo agabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu hakurikijwe ingano ya zirconium: 33%, 36%, na 41%. Amatafari ya zirconium corundum akoreshwa mu nganda z'ibirahuri arimo 50% ~ 70% Al2O3 na 20% ~ 40% ZrO2. Ubucucike ni 3.4 ~ 4.0g / cm3, porosity igaragara ni 1% ~ 10%, kandi ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora ni hafi 1700℃. Amatafari ya zirconium corundum yakuwemo ingano ifite 33% na 36% akoreshwa mu kubaka inkuta z'ibigega by'itanura, inkuta z'amatafari y'umuriro, utwobo duto two guturitsa itanura, utwobo duto two kuzinga, uduce duto tw'itanura, utundi duce duto, utwobo tw'ururimi, nibindi. Amatafari ya zirconium corundum yakuwemo ingano ifite ingano ya zirconium ingano ya 41% akoreshwa mu kubaka impande z'inkuta z'ibigega, utwobo two gutemba, n'ibindi bice aho amazi y'ikirahure asesagura kandi agatwika ibikoresho birekura cyane. Iki gikoresho ni cyo gikoresho gikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z'ibirahure.
Amatafari ya alumina yakuwemo:
By’umwihariko bivuga amatafari ya α, β corundum, na β corundum avanze, agizwe ahanini na 92% ~ 94% Al2O3 corundum crystal phase, ubucucike bwa 2.9 ~ 3.05g / cm3, porosity igaragara ya 1% ~ 10%, n’ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa 1700℃. Alumina ivanze ifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwinjira mu kirahure kandi nta mwanda uhumanya ku mazi y’ibirahure. Ikoreshwa cyane mu rukuta rw’igice cy’ikigega gikoreramo, hasi mu kigega, mu muyoboro w’amazi, mu rukuta rw’igice cy’ikigega gikoreramo, hasi mu kigega n’ibindi bice by’itanura rishongesha ikirahure bihura n’amazi y’ibirahure kandi bidasaba kwanduzwa n’amazi.
Amatafari ya Quartz:
Igice cy'ingenzi ni SiO2, irimo ibirenze 99%, ifite ubucucike bwa 1.9 ~ 2g / cm3, ubushobozi bwo kuzura bwa 1650℃, ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa 1600℃, kandi irwanya isuri ya aside. Ikoreshwa mu kubaka urukuta rw'ikidendezi hakoreshejwe ikirahure cya aside boron, amatafari y'umwobo wa thermocouple, n'ibindi.
Ibikoresho birwanya alkali:
Ibikoresho birwanya alkali ahanini bivuga amatafari ya magnesia, amatafari ya alumina-magnesia, amatafari ya magnesia-chrome, n'amatafari ya forsterite. Imikorere yayo ni ukurwanya kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bya alkali, kandi ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwangirika ni 1900 ~ 2000℃. Ikoreshwa cyane mu rukuta rwo hejuru rw'icyuma gihindura ikirahure gishongesha ikirahure, arch ya regenerator, grid body, n'imiterere y'igice gito cy'itanura.
Amatafari yo gukingira amatanura y'ibirahuri:
Agace gashyushya ubushyuhe mu itanura rishongesha ikirahure ni kanini kandi ubushobozi bw'ubushyuhe ni buke. Kugira ngo hagabanuke ingufu no kugabanya ikoreshwa, hakenewe ibikoresho byinshi byo gushyushya kugira ngo habeho gushyushya neza. By'umwihariko, urukuta rwa pisine, hasi ya pisine, umugongo, n'urukuta mu cyuma gishyushya, igice gishongesha, igice gikoreramo, nibindi bigomba gushyushya kugira ngo bigabanye gushyushya. Ubushobozi bw'amatafari yo gushyushya ni bunini cyane, uburemere ni bworoshye cyane, kandi ubucucike ntiburenze 1.3g/cm3. Kubera ko imikorere y'umwuka yo kohereza ubushyuhe ari mibi cyane, amatafari yo gushyushya afite ubwinshi bw'ubwinshi agira ingaruka zo gushyushya. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buri munsi y'inshuro 2-3 ugereranyije n'ibikoresho rusange birwanya ubushyuhe, bityo uko ubwinshi bw'ubwinshi bw'amatafari, ni ko ingaruka zo gushyushya ziba nziza. Hari ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bw'amatafari yo gushyushya, harimo amatafari yo gushyushya ibumba, amatafari yo gushyushya silica, amatafari yo gushyushya alumina menshi n'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2025
